Peace treaties

U.S. Defense Secretary Mark Esper, center, walks Gen. Scott Miller, right, chief of the U.S.-led coalition in Afghanistan, at the U.S. military headquarters in Kabul, Afghanistan, Sunday, Oct. 20, 2019. Esper arrived Sunday in Afghanistan, where stalled peace talks with the Taliban and persistent violent attacks by the insurgent group and Islamic State militants have complicated the Trump administration’s pledge to withdraw more than 5,000 American troops. He told reporters traveling with him that he believes the U.S. can reduce its force in Afghanistan without hurting the counterterrorism fight against al-Qaida and the Islamic State group. (AP Photo/Lolita C. Balbor)

President Donald Trump shakes hands with Defense Secretary Mark Esper during a briefing with senior military leaders in the Cabinet Room at the White House in Washington, Monday, Oct. 7, 2019. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)

South Sudan opposition leader Riek Machar, left, is greeted by South Sudan officials as he returned to the country, Saturday, Oct.19, 2019, to meet with President Salva Kiir less than a month before their deadline to form a unity government after a five-year civil war. Macher's two-day visit includes a scheduled meeting with the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, who arrives Sunday with a U.N. Security Council delegation.(AP Photo/Sam Mednick)

French President Emmanuel Macron welcomes German Chancellor Angela Merkel in the government building of Toulouse, southwestern France, Wednesday, Oct.16, 2019. President Emmanuel Macron and Chancellor Angela Merkel sought Wednesday to demonstrate the solidity of the French-German relationship at a meeting in southern France, one day before a key EU summit that may approve a divorce deal with Britain. (AP Photo/Frederic Scheiber)

Voters queue to cast their votes in Maputo, Mozambique, Tuesday, Oct. 15, 2019 in the country's presidential, parliamentary and provincial elections. Polling stations opened across the country with 13 million voters registered to cast ballots in elections seen as key to consolidating peace in the southern African nation. (AP Photo/Ferhat Momade)

FILE - In this Feb. 8, 2019, file photo, Special Representative for Afghanistan Reconciliation Zalmay Khalilzad at the U.S. Institute of Peace, in Washington. The Taliban met Khalilzad in the Pakistan capital for the first time since President Donald Trump declared a seemingly imminent peace deal to end Afghanistan's 18-year war 'dead' a month ago, a Taliban official said early Saturday, Oct. 5. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin, File)

Wounded Afghans lie on a bed at a hospital after a bomb attacks in the city of Jalalabad east of Kabul, Afghanistan, Saturday, Sept. 28, 2019. Afghans headed to the polls on Saturday to elect a new president amid high security and Taliban threats to disrupt the elections, with the rebels warning citizens to stay home or risk being hurt. (AP Photo/Mohammad Anwar Danishyar)

Colombia's President Ivan Duque speaks during an interview with The Associated Press before departing, to attend the United Nations General Assembly, from the CATAM air base in Bogota, Colombia, Saturday, Sept. 21, 2019. Duque's will speak before the General Assembly and is expected to condemn Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro as an abusive autocrat who is not only responsible for the country's humanitarian catastrophe but is also now a threat to regional stability for his alleged harboring of Colombian rebels labeled a terrorist group by the U.S. and European Union. (AP Photo/Ivan Valencia)

Former Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma speaks during an interview with The Associated Press in Kiev, Ukraine, Friday, Sept. 13, 2019. Kuchma told The Associated Press Friday that he is concerned that the leaders of France and Germany who mediate talks between Russia and Ukraine will push President Volodymyr Zelenskiy to make unacceptable trade-offs to Russia. (AP Photo/Evgeniy Maloletka)

A Palestinian man works on a farm near Bardala, in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2019. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s election eve vow to annex the Jordan Valley if he is re-elected has sparked an angry Arab rebuke and injected the Palestinians into a campaign that had almost entirely ignored them. (AP Photo/Ariel Schalit)